| 赵全成,徐强,张凯,刘聪,王振海,刘翔.湿热海岸沙漠环境特征与干热沙漠环境特征对比分析[J].装备环境工程,2023,20(8):128-135. ZHAO Quan-cheng,XU Qiang,ZHANG Kai,LIU Cong,WANG Zhen-hai,LIU Xiang.Comparative Analysis of Environmental Characteristics between Hot and Humid Coastal Desert and Hot and Dry Desert[J].Equipment Environmental Engineering,2023,20(8):128-135. |
| 湿热海岸沙漠环境特征与干热沙漠环境特征对比分析 |
| Comparative Analysis of Environmental Characteristics between Hot and Humid Coastal Desert and Hot and Dry Desert |
| 投稿时间：2023-01-05 修订日期：2023-05-19 |
| DOI：10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2023.08.017 |
| 中文关键词: 湿热海岸沙漠 干热沙漠 温度 湿度 太阳辐射 降水中图分类号:X16 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672-9242(2023)08-0128-08 |
| 英文关键词:hot and humid coastal desert hot and dry desert temperature humidity solar radiation precipitation |
| 基金项目:浙江省海洋岩土工程与材料重点实验室开放基金(OGME21004) |
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| Author | Institution |
| ZHAO Quan-cheng | Dunhuang Gansu National Observation & Research Station of Materials Corrosion in Atmospheric Environment, Gansu Dunhuang 736200, China;Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering, Chongqing 400039, China |
| XU Qiang | Key Laboratory of Offshore Geotechnical and Material Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China |
| ZHANG Kai | Dunhuang Gansu National Observation & Research Station of Materials Corrosion in Atmospheric Environment, Gansu Dunhuang 736200, China;Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering, Chongqing 400039, China |
| LIU Cong | Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering, Chongqing 400039, China |
| WANG Zhen-hai | Dunhuang Gansu National Observation & Research Station of Materials Corrosion in Atmospheric Environment, Gansu Dunhuang 736200, China;Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering, Chongqing 400039, China |
| LIU Xiang | Dunhuang Gansu National Observation & Research Station of Materials Corrosion in Atmospheric Environment, Gansu Dunhuang 736200, China;Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering, Chongqing 400039, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 对比分析海岸沙漠与干热沙漠的环境特征。方法 基于对温度、湿度、太阳辐射等典型环境要素的极值、月变化、累计作用日和日变化等的对比研究，掌握2类沙漠环境特征的差异。结果 湿热海岸沙漠常年高温年平均气温接近30 ℃，最高气温达到47.2 ℃。干热沙漠环境月温度变化明显。湿热海岸沙漠环境高温累计作用时间长，日最高温超过35 ℃的天数为190 d。受海洋气候的影响，湿热海岸沙漠湿度比干热沙漠高约10%，因此湿热海岸沙漠更容易出现结露的现象。湿热海岸沙漠月辐射量均维持在较高水平，而干热沙漠在冬季月总辐射急剧降低。2种沙漠环境的年均降水量均较小，海岸沙漠环境略大于干热沙漠环境，干热沙漠环境年降水量波动不大。受海洋气候的影响，海岸沙漠环境降水量年分布差异极大。结论 湿热海洋大气作用下的海岸沙漠环境酷热，且高温持续时间极长，湿热海岸沙漠环境中使用的产品需加强耐极端高温和长期高温的环境适应性设计，高分子材料更易变形。相比于干热沙漠，湿热海岸沙漠湿度更高，更易出现结露的现象，金属材料更易发生腐蚀。湿热海岸沙漠总辐射比干热沙漠高，高分材料易发生老化，寿命降低。受海洋气候影响，海岸沙漠降水量年分布差异极大，湿热海岸沙漠环境工作的产品需要加强防水设计。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to conduct comparative analysis on environmental characteristics between coastal desert and hot and dry desert. Based on the comparative study of extreme values, monthly variation, cumulative days of effect and daily variation of typical environmental elements, such as temperature, humidity and solar radiation, the differences in the characteristics of the two types of desert environments were clarified. The coastal desert was hot all year round and had less monthly variation, with the annual average temperature close to 30 ℃. The maximum temperature occurred in summer at 47.2 ℃. The monthly temperature of hot and dry desert environment changed obviously. The cumulative action time of high temperature in hot and humid coastal desert environment was long, and the number of days with daily maximum temperature exceeding 35 ℃ was 190 days. Due to the effect of the marine climate, the relative humidity was 10% higher in coastal desert, making it more prone to dew condensation. The monthly radiation in the coastal desert was maintained at a higher level, while the total monthly radiation in the hot and dry desert decreased sharply in winter. The annual precipitation was small in both deserts. The precipitation in the costal desert was slightly larger than that in hot and dry desert, and the annual precipitation in the hot and dry desert fluctuated little. Affected by the marine climate, the annual distribution of precipitation in coastal desert varied greatly. The coastal desert environment under the action of hot and humid marine atmosphere is extremely hot, with high temperature lasting for a very long time. The products used in the hot and humid coastal desert need to strengthen the environmental adaptability design of resisting extreme high temperature and long-term high temperature, and polymer materials are more prone to deformation. Compared with the hot and dry desert, the humid coastal desert has higher humidity and is more prone to dew condensation, and metal materials are more prone to corrosion. The total radiation of hot and humid coastal desert is higher than that of hot and dry desert, and the high polymer materials are prone to aging, thus reducing service life. Affected by the marine climate, the annual distribution of precipitation in coastal desert varies greatly, so the waterproof design of products used in hot and humid coastal desert needs to be strengthened. |
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