| 郭文营,仲莹莹,郑玉侠,李轩,赵起越,吴昊,张昕,李天梅,李彬,姚美琪.防热复合材料湿热老化行为与贮存寿命研究[J].装备环境工程,2024,21(7):53-59. GUO Wenying,ZHONG Yingying,ZHENG Yuxia,LI Xuan,ZHAO Qiyue,WU Hao,ZHANG Xin,LI Tianmei,LI Bin,YAO Meiqi.Heat and Humid Aging Behaviour and Storage Life of Heat-Resistance Composite Materials[J].Equipment Environmental Engineering,2024,21(7):53-59. |
| 防热复合材料湿热老化行为与贮存寿命研究 |
| Heat and Humid Aging Behaviour and Storage Life of Heat-Resistance Composite Materials |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-21 修订日期：2024-06-01 |
| DOI：10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2024.07.007 |
| 中文关键词: 防热复合材料 玻璃纤维 酚醛树脂 湿热老化 力学性能 微观形貌 化学组分 贮存寿命中图分类号:TJ04 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672-9242(2024)07-0053-07 |
| 英文关键词:heat-resistance material glass fiber phenolic resin heat and humid aging mechanical properties microstructure chemical composition storage life |
| 基金项目: |
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| Author | Institution |
| GUO Wenying | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
| ZHONG Yingying | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
| ZHENG Yuxia | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
| LI Xuan | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
| ZHAO Qiyue | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
| WU Hao | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
| ZHANG Xin | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
| LI Tianmei | Zhijian Laboratory, Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi'an 710025, China |
| LI Bin | Beijing System Design Institute of Electro-Mechanic Engineering, Beijing 100039, China |
| YAO Meiqi | Aerospace Science & Industry Corp Defense Technology R & T Center, Beijing 100854, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究装备用防热复合材料在贮存条件下的性能变化规律和寿命评估。方法 在90 ℃/90%RH、80 ℃/90%RH、70 ℃/90%RH和80 ℃/80%RH共4个试验条件下，对玻璃纤维增强酚醛树脂防热复合材料开展加速湿热老化试验，借助红外光谱分析、扫描电镜、导热系数和力学性能测试研究老化过程中材料的质量、导热系数、力学性能、化学组分、微观形貌的变化规律，使用Peck模型对材料的贮存寿命进行计算。结果 材料在老化初期吸湿后，质量快速增加，吸湿趋于饱和后，质量达到最大值。随着老化时间的延长，材料的质量呈缓慢下降趋势。不同湿热条件下，材料的导热系数未出现性能退化现象，材料的拉伸强度均出现退化现象，老化温度越高，性能下降越明显。在90 ℃/90%RH条件下，老化时间为80 d时，材料强度大约下降到初始性能的53.4%。湿热老化过程中，红外光谱中960 cm‒1处特征峰逐渐减弱，直至完全消失，1 098 cm‒1处特征峰相对强度逐渐变强。湿热老化后，材料部分玻璃纤维与基体间界面有微裂纹产生，拉伸断裂后，大部分纤维从树脂基体中拔出，表面平整光滑，黏连树脂较少。结论 防热复合材料的老化是由氧化反应的化学老化与湿热条件导致界面脱黏、基体开裂、微裂纹等物理老化综合作用的结果。防热复合材料在20 ℃/60%RH条件的贮存寿命为36.3 a，满足实际构件的设计寿命。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to study the performance change law and evaluate the service life of heat-resistance composite materials for weapons under storage conditions. Accelerated aging test was conducted to study the change law of weight, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, chemical composition, microstructures of glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin heat-resistance composite materials under 4 conditions of 90 ℃/90%RH, 80 ℃/90%RH, 70 ℃/90%RH and 80 ℃/80%RH, via IR, SEM, thermal conductivity and mechanical property test and Peck model was used to calculate the storage life of materials. At the beginning of aging, the weight of materials increased rapidly and reached a maximum value after moisture absorption tended to saturation. With the increase of aging time, the weight decreased gradually. Meanwhile, there was no change on thermal conductivity, but the mechanical properties of materials decreased under different heat and humid conditions. The properties decreased obviously with the increase of temperature. For example, for the aging time of 80 days under the condition of 90 ℃/ 90%RH, the strength of materials decreased to the 53.4% of the initial value. During the heat and humid aging, the characteristic peak of 960 cm‒1 in IR spectroscopy weakened gradually until completely vanished. The relative intensity of the characteristic peak at 1 098 cm‒1 gradually increased. During the aging, micro-cracks were observed between glass fiber and primary structure of materials and most glass fibers were pulled out from the primary structure of resin after tensile failure, with the smooth surface and less bonded resin. The aging of heat-resistance materials is caused by chemical aging of thermal degradation and oxidation, physical aging by surface unsticking, cracking of primary materials and micro-cracks under heat and humid conditions. The storage life of heat-resistance materials is 36.3 years under 20 ℃/60%RH, meeting the designed storage life of practical structure. |
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