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| Dry Friction Wearing Characteristics of Titanium Materials |
| Received:December 07, 2017 Revised:April 15, 2018 |
| View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader |
| DOI：10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2018.04.009 |
| KeyWord:TA2 industrial titanium TC4 titanium alloy friction characteristics wear mechanism failure |
| Author | Institution |
| ZHENG Chao |
National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Technologies of Equipment, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing , China |
| WEI Shi-cheng |
National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Technologies of Equipment, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing , China |
| LIANG Yi |
National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Technologies of Equipment, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing , China |
| SU Hong-yi |
National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Technologies of Equipment, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing , China |
| WANG Yu-jiang |
National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Technologies of Equipment, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing , China |
| GUO Lei |
National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Technologies of Equipment, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing , China |
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| Abstract: |
| Objective To research the failure mechanism of dry friction and wear on titanium materials. Methods TA2 industrial titanium and TC4 titanium alloy materials were used. The reciprocating friction and wear testing was performed with CETR UMT-3 multi-purpose friction and wear tester, which collected the friction coefficient curve, calculated the mean value of the friction coefficient and analyzed the dynamic and static friction characteristics of titanium materials. The surface hardness of sample material was measured with Micromet-6030 automatic microhardness tester, and the wear resistance was analyzed according to surface hardness. Microstructure of the wearing surface and abrasive dust was observed with Nova Nano SEM 650 field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy disperse spectroscopy to measure and analyze components of element. The wear mechanism of titanium materials was analyzed from the micro perspective. Wear volume and profile were measured with Olympus Lext OLS3000-R laser confocal microscope, while the three-dimensional topography of the worn surface was measured. Results The frequency had a significant influence on the friction coefficient and wear resistance of titanium materials. As the frequency increased, the friction coefficient, the data jump and the wear volume all increased. The influence of load on the friction coefficient was relatively small. As the load increased, the friction coefficient showed a downward and intersection trend at the beginning of the friction, and the coefficient of friction increased significantly in the later, the load and wear volume grew with substantially in a linear relationship. Wear trace of titanium showed a "U" shape. With the increase of load and frequency, the wear volume profile had a tendency of being deeper and wider. The surface hardness of TC4 was about 359.2 HV and that of TA2 was about 247.8 HV, which was about 111.4 HV lower than the former. The dry friction and wear tests under the same test conditions showed that the wear volume of TA2 was about 2.5 times the TC4, which indicated a relatively poor wear resistance of TA2. TA2 had fine granular wear debris, with serious peel off characteristics of its wear surface. By contrast, TC4 wear debris had varies particle size in the low frequency and low load conditions, with no obvious peeling pit on the wear surface furrow traces. With the increase of load and frequency, the phenomenon of crack and fragmentation appeared on the surface layer of friction. Conclusions The wear mechanism of TA2 is mainly peeling layer wear and abrasive wear. Under low frequency and low load conditions, the wear mechanism of TC4 mainly abrasive wear and oxidation wear. With the increase load and frequency, it becomes adhesive wear and delamination wear under the effect of the instantaneous flash temperature and load. |
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